What I See talks motherhood with Professor Alice Roberts. [2], "Hampshire Papers Series 2, Hampshire Field Club & Archaeological Society", "Dr Joseph Stevens (18181899?) Industry. The infants had been hospitalized for at least six weeks, had received broad-spectrum antibiotics, and had received parenteral lipid nutrition via a central venous catheter. qPCR assay may represent a significant over-estimation, because it correlates with number of nuclei present; it also requires specialized equipment and reagents. On the basis of a review of literature and an international consensus, a set of research-oriented definitions for the IFIs most often seen and studied in immunocompromised patients with cancer is proposed. Posaconazole is an extended-spectrum triazole with in vitro and in vivo activity against Aspergillus species.We investigated the efficacy and safety of posaconazole oral suspension (800 mg/day in divided doses) as monotherapy in an open-label, multicenter study in patients with invasive aspergillosis and other mycoses who were refractory to or intolerant of conventional antifungal therapy. Our results show that the fos-1 deletion strain has significantly reduced virulence as compared with the parental wild-type strain. I teach within the fields of ethics and contemporary political theory/philosophy. Hirschi, J., Stevens, D., Brayshaw, D., Czaja, A., Drijfhout, S. & Wadley, M. Research output: Contribution to conference Abstract, Research output: Contribution to journal Article peer-review, Research output: Working paper Preprint. Although no well-designed studies have been carried out, the available data support the use of corticosteroids for acute exacerbations of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA). Stevens, D. A., Denning, D. W., Shatsky, S., Armstrong, R. W., Adler, J. D., Lewis, B. H. Activity of voriconazole combined with neutrophils or monocytes against Aspergillus fumigatus: Effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Immunizing an immunocompromised host would seem to be a formidable task; however, virulence factors and immunogens of the pathogen have now been identified and could be targeted, mapping of the genome sequence of the pathogen will soon be completed, and the protective host immune responses and cytokine networking are better understood. The cellular DNA from each isolate was digested with the restriction endonuclease EcoRI, and restriction fragment length polymorphisms were generated by horizontal gel electrophoresis. Immunosuppressed mice were infected intracerebrally with Aspergillus fumigatus and treated with an amphotericin B preparation, an echinocandin, or voriconazole (VCZ) given alone or in combination. Monotherapy with AmBi, ABLC, AMBd, CAS or MICA had activity in prolonging survival; however, only AMBd or CAS reduced fungal burden in the lungs and kidneys. With Aspergillus fumigatus synergy was noted for inhibition and killing, and synergistic activity was also noted for some isolates of other species presently regarded as difficult to treat. Measurement of a hyphal organism, like Aspergillus, presents difficulties in that it is problematic to define what constitutes a cell. Paracoccidioides is the causative agent of paracoccidioidomycosis, a systemic mycosis endemic to Latin America. View details for Web of Science ID 000071515100041. In 2 experiments with up to 70% mortality of neutropenic controls, transfusion of 10(7) PMNs 1 and 4 days after challenge had negligible effects on peripheral WBC counts but improved survival (P = 0.007, 0.02), decreased lung CFU (P = 0.03, 0.005), and cleared infection in 28 to 50% of survivors. Only the 40-mg/kg dose of VCZ was effective. Mice were treated with liposomal-amphotericin B (AmBi; AmBisome), lipid-complexed amphotericin B (ABLC; Abelcet), voriconazole (VCZ), micafungin (MICA), caspofungin (CAS) or deoxycholate amphotericin B (AMBd) given alone or in combination. Composite success was identical for each regimen (11/15 patients, 73 %). View details for DOI 10.3109/13693786.2012.683539, View details for Web of Science ID 000309936400005. However, the intersection of signaling pathways and the molecular mechanism of this antagonism remain to be defined. Infusion-related adverse drug events, mainly rigors/chills, occurred more frequently with group A (11/45, 24 % infusions) than with group B (12/201, 6 % infusions) (P=0.002), which extended the mean infusion time by 20 min (P=0.001). These represent small or large advantages and differences compared with existing available alternative therapy for deep and systemic mycoses. To see if S. cerevisiae isolates form petite colonies in vivo, both mouse models were infected with parental grands of YJM128 and Y55. Dexamethasone (DEX) down-regulates production of these cytokines by stimulated bronchoalveolar macrophages (BAM) and constitutes a risk factor for aspergillosis. After intravenous treatment of uninfected mice with 75 g of rhMBL, rhMBL was detected in the serum and peritoneal lavage fluid; rhMBL was detected in the serum of infected mice 2 and 24 hours post-dose, and at very low concentrations in vaginal lavage fluid. She stated in 2009 that she was working towards becoming a professor of anatomy. Cells growing at high drug concentrations were not resistant on retesting but showed the paradoxical effect of the parent. Suboptimal dosages of AmBi in combination with MICA, CAS, or VCZ were effective in prolonging survival. Developmental studies showed that suppression of mice with 5-fluorouracil beginning 3 days prior to infection and given every 7 days thereafter necessitated antibacterial treatment but resulted in a reproducible model. During a three-year period, M. pachydermatis was also recovered from fungal cultures of an additional 30 patients, 85% of whom were infants. Help keep Alice Roberts and David Stevens profile up to date. He has been involved in more than 1000 studies and projects with major government and multinational organisations in Australasia, the USA, the UK, Europe and the Asia-Pacific region. Overall, clinical isolates of Saccharomyces were very heterogeneous and exhibited little clonality. Alice Roberts boyfriend, husband list. Taken together, the results suggested that HKY vaccination induces significant and specific Th1 type cellular immune responses and antibodies to glucan and mannan. Mice were infected intracranially and treated for 4 days with CAS (1, 5, or 10 mg/kg of body weight/day) or amphotericin B (AMB) (3 mg/kg/day) starting 1 day postinfection. Biography. David J. Stewart is Associate Professor with the Program of Maritime Studies, Department of History, East Carolina University; he is also Director of the North Carolina Vernacular Watercraft Recording Project. To catch up with our other motherhood content, click here. of Pediatric Pulmonology, Stanford; Childrens Hosp. Motherhood has completely changed the way I see my own extended family, my partner (because it was amazing to see him in his new role too), as well as giving me a different perspective on life and death. From 1998 until 2005, Stevens worked as a Senior Vice President of Single Family Lending at Freddie Mac, where his responsibilities included product development, credit risk and contract negotiations for all single family businesses. Lethargy, ataxia, or paralysis preceded death. View details for DOI 10.1006/cyto.2002.1049, View details for Web of Science ID 000178273100003, View details for DOI 10.1128/JCM.40.7.2710.2002, View details for Web of Science ID 000176605800079. To study the interaction of antifungal drugs in topical therapy.Local therapy of Candida vaginitis with drugs alone and in combination was examined in a murine model. at Stanford); and study of the biology of Aspergillus as it relates to lung biofilm and interaction with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, particularly in cystic fibrosis, and the molecular species involved (including collaborations with Dept. A variety of tests has been applied to several body fluids. We evaluated the immunomodulatory effects of three different classes of antifungal agents on the human monocytic cell line, THP-1, which had been stimulated in vitro with Aspergillus fumigatus conidia. Antiquity 87 (335), 64-78, 2013. A pathogenic role for M. pachydermatis recovered from sources other than blood or catheters was not established. Shankar, J., Wu, T. D., Clemons, K. V., Monteiro, J. P., Mirels, L. F., Stevens, D. A. Coccidioidal meningitis (CM) is a devastating disease that requires long-term therapy and for which there is little hope of a cure. Tissue samples were collected for high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis and histology. Wed meet up at lunchtime so that I could breastfeed, but sometimes the timing didnt work out, so I had to make sure that I had amassed a stockpile of expressed milk so that my daughter could also be bottle-fed with breast milk, not formula. View details for Web of Science ID 000177080400004. Two of the most common point mutations in ERG11 associated with resistance, D116E and E266D, were tested by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the isolates from this collection. Inadvertent exposure to Coccidioides species by laboratory staff and others as a result of a mishap is not an uncommon cause of infection in clinical microbiology laboratories. In 2005, Israeli archaeologist Eilat Mazar said she found the remains of King David's palace in Jerusalem dating to the 10th century B.C., when King David would have ruled. Professor David J Stephens B.Sc., Ph.D. TLRs are important in the defense against fungal pathogens. [1] He took up his own archaeological digs and eventually found Palaeolithic implements in the Reading drift gravels and excavated sites at Gas Works Lane and at Cemetery Junction in Reading. We have reported previously that prolonged caspofungin (CAS) dosing enhances survival in a murine model of central nervous system aspergillosis. beta-Glucan incubated with BALF inhibited the binding of SP-D in BALF to B. dermatitidis as demonstrated by IFA. Click here to Start FameChaining. Dave Stevens is on Facebook. View details for DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2006.03011.x, View details for Web of Science ID 000235370200010. This approach is now being pursued in systematic clinical trials. Lower concentrations of serum also potentiated drug activity. Fifteen patients met the criteria for proven coccidioidal infection and disease refractory to previous therapy. Finally, pure SP-D added to SP-D-/- BALF inhibited TNF-alpha production by BAM-B. The potential role of induced antibody has been appreciated only recently. The frequency, interpretation, and, in particular, mechanism of resistance to current classes of antifungal agents, particularly the azoles (where resistance has climbed most prominently) are discussed in this review. Fluconazole at 10 mg/kg did not reduce the fungal burden in secondary sites, the lungs and kidneys, whereas this itraconazole dose was more effective in clearing the fungi from both organs (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001, respectively). [1], Stevens was appointed Honorary Curator of Reading Museum in 1884, a year after it had opened. View details for PubMedID 17646202, View details for Web of Science ID 000249882200035. HKY also induced antibody against Saccharomyces glucan and mannan with titers 4- or 2-fold, respectively, above that in unvaccinated. In addition, we will address the potential of immunotherapy in combination with conventional therapy.The data derived from animal model studies of antifungal drug efficacy have proven to be predictive of clinical utility. Each of these models has been used to examine various aspects of host resistance, pathogenesis, or antifungal therapy. Liu, M., Clemons, K. V., Johansen, M. E., Martinez, M., Chen, V., Stevens, D. A. Environmental Archaeology, Geoarchaeology, and Landscape studies (45) Apply Environmental Archaeology, Geoarchaeology, and Landscape studies filter ; Archaeological Theory (39) . View details for DOI 10.1128/AAC.46.6.1704-1713.2002, View details for Web of Science ID 000175662800014. Q U O T E ::: "I dont think learning stops when you finish school, or university. With both the MTT and XTT assays, neutrophils alone inhibited hyphae; when combined with VCZ, there was additive activity. Here, we emphasize prevention and an approach to a laboratory accident that minimizes the risk of exposure to laboratory staff and staff in adjacent areas. 3M-003, like related imidazoquinoline immunomodulators, interacts with Toll-like receptor-7 (TLR-7) and TLR-8. To further characterize S. cerevisiae pathogenesis, we studied a virulent clinical isolate, YJM128, and an avirulent nonclinical isolate, Y55, in C5-deficient mice. There are so many benefits to breastfeeding, for both mum and baby. The addition of mouse serum [corrected] resulted in marked depression of TNF and enhancement of IL-6. Liked by David Stevens. Tortorano, A. M., Prigitano, A., Dho, G., Biraghi, E., Stevens, D. A., Ghannoum, M., Nolard, N., Viviani, M. A. Saccharomyces as a Vaccine Against Systemic Candidiasis. Kramer, M. R., Denning, D. W., Marshall, S. E., Ross, D. J., Berry, G., LEWISTON, N. J., Stevens, D. A., Theodore, J. ENDOCARDITIS DUE TO TRICHOSPORON-BEIGELII - INVITRO SUSCEPTIBILITY OF ISOLATES AND REVIEW, CYCLOSPORINE AND ITRACONAZOLE INTERACTION IN HEART AND LUNG-TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS. Therapy with intravenous ABLC or AmBi at 7.5 or 15 mg/kg of body weight or sterile 5% dextrose water (D5W) began 5 days later. Here, we investigated the hyphal proteomes of Aspergillus fumigatus and Coccidioides posadasii via quantitative MS(E) mass spectrometry with the objective of developing a vaccine that cross-protects against these and other species of fungi. The latter includes PCR identification of fungal DNA from body fluid samples using conserved or specific genome sequences. Democracy, Ideology and Process Re-Engineering: Realising the Benefits of e-Government in Singapore. 2011 Kassabaum, Megan C.; David J. Cranford and Erin Stevens Nelson. Ravuconazole showed dose-responsive improvement of clearance of CFU. The objective of the present work was the identification of new microsatellite loci able to distinguish among C. parapsilosis isolates. Patients received posaconazole (400 mg/day) in capsule formulation for up to 6 months. The recommendations are distilled in this summary, but the reader is encouraged to review the more extensive discussions in subsequent sections, which show the strength of the recommendations and the quality of the evidence, and the original publications cited in detail. Its a two-way thing - academics have a lot to learn from people outside universities. DEX increased I kappaB levels in cytoplasm and blocked translocation of NF-kappaB to the nucleus in unstimulated and conidia-stimulated macrophages. View details for Web of Science ID 000268147700021, Disseminated coccidioidomycosis is a life-threatening infection. View details for DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0028402, View details for Web of Science ID 000298369100035. > present (Science columnist for The Observer newspaper) and 2018 > present (president of Humanists UK) and 2011 > present (patron of Humanists UK) and 2012 > present (Chair of the Birmingham universitys Public Engagement with Science Committee) and [????] of Pulmonary & Critical Care Med. Four years later amphotericin B followed, which is still the historical standard against which new systemic antifungals are compared. Recently, selected cationic heterocyclic compounds belonging to a broad class of molecules known to bind to the minor groove of DNA were revealed to have potent antifungal activity. Mechanistically, itraconazole appears to act on the essential Hh pathway component Smoothened (SMO) by a mechanism distinct from that of cyclopamine and other known SMO antagonists, and prevents the ciliary accumulation of SMO normally caused by Hh stimulation. One week after the cessation of therapy, all survivors were euthanatized, the numbers of CFU remaining in the spinal cord and brain were determined, and histological analyses were performed. Eighteen animal model reports demonstrated synergy (in 14% of reports), additivity (in 20%), indifference (in 51%), and antagonism (in 14%). Average SD bioavailability after a single oral dose was 60.7% 16.5. A BALB/c substrain (ByJ) was also susceptible. Neal, C. O., Richardson, A. O., Hurst, S. F., Tortorano, A. M., Viviani, M. A., Stevens, D. A., Balajee, S. A. Real-time PCR and quantitative culture for monitoring of experimental Aspergillus fumigatus intracranial infection in neutropenic mice. In this book, David Stevens explains how the principles of Participatory Business Planning may be applied to any business or public body, of any size and how they can turn adversity into prosperity and efficiency. Was King David a real person? No patient had discontinuation of the study drug due to toxicity. David Stevens, Baron Stevens of Ludgate (born 1936), Conservative Independent peer in the House of Lords David Stevens (businessman) (born 1962), British businessman, CEO of Admiral Group David Stephens, vocalist for the band We Came as Romans Dave Stevens (1955-2008), illustrator Dave Stevens (baseball) (born 1970), American baseball player Strokes due to transmural vasculitis associated with coccidioidal meningitis result in significant morbidity and mortality. A pool of 96 clinical isolates consisting of 50 azole-resistant or susceptible dose-dependent isolates and 46 azole-susceptible isolates was screened by PCR for the presence of MTLa1 and MTLalpha1. Therapeutic and toxicologic studies in a murine model of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, Microsatellite multilocus genotyping clarifies the relationship of Candida parapsilosis strains involved in a neonatal intensive care unit outbreak. If serum was absorbed with live B. dermatitidis, unbound serum was eluted, and bound serum factor(s) (BS) was released with guanidine buffer, BS inhibited TNF-alpha production by PM plus B. dermatitidis in a concentration-dependent manner. Human effector cells with and without the addition of VCZ were incubated with Cn for 24 h. PMN, mono and MDM alone resulted in 61%, 34% and 23% inhibition of Cn, respectively (n = 3, P<0.01). This was followed by several rounds of consultation until a final draft was approved in 2005. In 2008 I was at sea on a project to examine the mixing near Kerguelen. View details for DOI 10.1016/j.ajic.2005.06.005, View details for Web of Science ID 000238967600010. 1891. Discoveries included extensive Bronze Age remains relating to settlement, industry and funerary activity and a large and well preserved late medieval fish weir. A response was defined as a reduction of at least 50 percent in the corticosteroid dose, a decrease of at least 25 percent in the serum IgE concentration, and one of the following: an improvement of at least 25 percent in exercise tolerance or pulmonary-function tests or resolution or absence of pulmonary infiltrates. Three injections of 2.5 mg given a week apart, 2 weeks prior to challenge, consistently, significantly, provided survival protection and reduction of infection in organs in survivors. Sun 24 Mar 2013 13.49 EDT. [2] Contents 1 Personal life or i.v. The most common presenting symptom was back pain. > present (Member of the Advisory Board of the Cheltenham Festival of Science) and [????] G-CSF and GM-CSF further enhanced the collaborative killing effect of human effector cells and VCZ. Resistance of CD-1 mice to pulmonary blastomycosis correlates with enhanced fungicidal activity of BAM, PM, PMN, and IFN-gamma production by Con A stimulated spleen cells, compared to BALB/c mice. Studying diverse topics including; evolutionary processes, human variation, ecology, skeletal analysis and zoo-archaeology, it prepares students for careers in the anthropological sciences in both the public and private sectors, such as cultural resources management, forensic science; collections management, and advanced graduate studies in . Studies done to emulate human disease have relied on models using common laboratory animal species. Brummer, E., Capilla, J., Bythadka, L., Stevens, D. A. The American with Disabilities Act (ADA) states that service animals cannot be prohibited from any area. If you made any changes in Pure these will be visible here soon. Coccidioidal meningitis is lethal in humans. Based on a targeted minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.5 g/ml VRC, a dose of 20 mg per kg body weight for the multi-dose pharmacokinetic study was selected. 2nd year: Hydrodynamics. WT and KO mice were dose-responsively susceptible. Clemons, K. V., Parmar, R., Martinez, M., Stevens, D. A. View details for DOI 10.1128/AAC.02533-12, View details for Web of Science ID 000316119100044, View details for DOI 10.1128/AAC.02242-12, View details for Web of Science ID 000316119100001. New nucleic acid-based research is promising. Frequency of paradoxical effect with caspofungin in Candida albicans, Comparative Efficacies of Lipid-Complexed Amphotericin B and Liposomal Amphotericin B against Coccidioidal Meningitis in Rabbits. Available at: , School of Politics and International Relations. MDMs and micafungin (0.01 or 0.10 microg/ml) caused an additive inhibition of growth, 85% and 95%, respectively. Kethineni, N., Brummer, E., Stevens, D. A. The ability to control numerous variables in performing the model allows us to mimic human disease states and quantitatively monitor the course of the disease. The efficacy of intravenously administered liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome [AmBi]) for the treatment of experimental coccidioidal meningitis was compared with those of oral fluconazole (FLC) and intravenously administered conventional amphotericin B (AMB). Northern blotting analyses indicated that overexpression of CDR1 and CDR2 correlates with resistance, suggesting that the two genes may be coregulated. Little is known about the effect of surfactant-associated proteins in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) on the interaction of BAM and Blastomyces dermatitidis. Amphotericin B plus 5-fluorocytosine and amphotericin B plus rifampin showed generally positive interactions and amphotericin B plus itraconazole showed results that were largely indifferent. Who let the dogs out? In vitro and in vivo studies suggest that the female hormone (17-estradiol, E(2)) regulates or inhibits M-or-C-to-Y transition. The immunological and inflammatory processes responsible are poorly understood. View details for Web of Science ID 000172586800004. Successful immunizations have been demonstrated in turkeys and mice. They decided to take the risk of hiring a pregnant presenter who would start filming, bringing a tiny baby with her. I have been at Nottingham since 2000, having previously held positions at Brunel University and Brown University. Invasive aspergillosis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. Although new drugs have been introduced to combat this problem, the development of resistance to antifungal drugs has become increasingly apparent, especially in patients who require long-term treatment or who are receiving antifungal prophylaxis, and there is growing awareness of shifts of flora to more-resistant species. Most patients with IPA presented with fever and cough within the first 90 days of transplantation and with single or multiple pulmonary nodules. Thus, whereas BALF constituents commonly mediate antimicrobial activity, B. dermatitidis may utilize BALF constituents, such as SP-D, to blunt the host defensive reaction; this effect could reduce inflammation and tissue destruction but could also promote disease. Born Alice May Roberts on 19th May, 1973 in Bristol, England, UK and educated at Redmaids' High School, she is famous for Time Team, Coast, Dr Alice Roberts: Don`t Die Young in a career that spans 2012 > present (Professor of Public Engagement with Science at Birmingham University) and 2005 > present (author) and 2009 > present (radio) and 1997 > 1998 (junior medical doctor) and 2009 > present (Director of Anatomy for the NHS Severn Deanery School of Surgery) and [????] On day 6, this was repeated and the experiment was terminated. Isolates were recovered from multiple body sites of 23 patients (n = 180) from 1994 to 1995 and from 29 patients (n = 45) from 1997 to 2002; these plus 2 from the hospital kitchen were identified as S. cerevisiae. Help us build our profile of Alice Roberts and David Stevens! Brown, E. M., McTaggart, L. R., Zhang, S. X., Low, D. E., Stevens, D. A., Richardson, S. E. Vaccination with mannan protects mice against systemic aspergillosis. The majority of infant colonizers were not found in the blood, suggesting a possible direct spread of the epidemic subtype VII-1 strain from HCW hands to infant blood. Recent studies in our laboratory with heat-killed Saccharomyces (HKY) have raised the possibility of development of a panfungal vaccine. We delineate our experience in the medical and surgical management of this form of therapy, including procedural details that we have found useful, for the benefit of our colleagues who may wish to use them. and more from FamousFix.com, Dr Alice Roberts, Dr. Alice Roberts, Prof Alice Roberts, Prof. Alice Roberts, Professor Alice Roberts, @ancientmodernist-(facebook), Ancientmodernist - (instagram), @theAliceRoberts - (twitter), Professor Alice Roberts BSc MB BCh PhD Hon.FBAASc, She is known for her long henna-red (dyed) hair., In 2015 her book 'The Incredible unlikeliness of Being' was shortlisted for the Wellcome Trust Book Prize, In 1988 she won the Blue Peter Young Artist competition aged 15, which saw her appear on the Radio Times cover in 1988., Qualifying as a doctor in 1997, she left medicine after only 18 months, having met her future husband, field archaeologist David Stevens, at Cardiff University., She is a Humanist: it is the most rational and positive philosophy for life., She made her television debut in 2001 as a human bone specialist on Channel 4s Time Team., She taught Anatomy to medical students at Bristol University for 11 years., She is, Westbury C-of-E Primary School, Redmaids' High School, [1991 - 1997] - University of Wales College of Medicine [MB BCh (medical degree)], [????] The development of newer antifungal drugs is creating new potential combination therapies to combat the dismal mortality rate associated with invasive aspergillosis (IA). 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